• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of transporting gas from a point of production to a point of use, the method comprising: a step of liquefying the gas in which the gas is cooled to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas in a unit of heat exchange (10), a step of transporting the liquefied gas to the point of use, characterized in that the heat exchange unit (10) is close to the point of production and in that for cooling in the heat exchange unit (10) frigories from a medium (5) previously stored in a tank near the heat exchange unit (10).
    公开号:FR3018111A1
    申请号:FR1451707
    申请日:2014-03-03
    公开日:2015-09-04
    发明作者:Laurent Benoit；Mansilla Anna Torres；Emeline Drouet
    申请人:GDF Suez SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of transporting gas after liquefaction of said gas, for example gas containing essentially methane. It also relates to an installation implementing said method. State of the art The gas liquefaction plants are essentially intended to make said material transportable by tank without pressure or at low pressure. In many cases, these are large fixed installations with little space constraints. They are found, for example, in ports for the transport of natural gas by LNG carriers. The liquefied natural gas is at a temperature of the order of -160 ° C and it is transported in highly isolated tanks. Liquefaction is obtained by thermodynamic cycles comprising phases of compression, cooling and expansion of the gas. EP 0 818 661 B1 shows an example of a liquefaction plant for the creation of frigories intended in particular for natural gas. A refrigerant is used in closed circuit to convey frigories. Faced with rising energy prices, it is becoming increasingly interesting to exploit small sources of gas. For example, farm farms are increasingly using methanizers that convert organic waste from the farm into biogas that mainly contains methane. Garbage dumps are also an important source of biogas. The operation of natural gas networks also requires gas purges that could be upgraded. Other gases are also produced locally in small quantities and deserve to be collected economically. Once liquefied gas, it can be transported in tanks without pressure or low pressure. However, the known liquefaction facilities are of size and cost unsuited to the treatment of these sources. In addition, some of these sources are intermittent and poorly adapted to a permanent liquefaction plant. The invention aims to provide a transport method and an installation adapted to the implementation of this method which is suitable for low tonnage or intermittent sources. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With these objectives in mind, the subject of the invention is a method of transporting gas from a point of production to a point of use, the process comprising: a step of liquefaction of the gas in which the gas is cooled to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas in a heat exchange unit; a step of transporting the liquefied gas to the point of use, characterized in that the heat exchange unit is close to the point of production and is used for cooling in the heat exchange unit frigories from a medium previously stored in a tank near the heat exchange unit. There is thus a method for liquefying the gas very compactly. Indeed, the largest part of a plant according to the prior art is the cold production part. With the invention, the cold is provided by the medium that just store. The preparation of the liquid or solid medium takes place in another installation. In addition, when the preparation of the medium is involved in an industrial process involving the evacuation of frigories, this preparation of the medium does not induce its own energy expenditure, or only marginally.
    [0002] The impact on the environment is therefore reduced. By tank is meant a rigid or flexible device adapted to contain the medium. It goes without saying that it is advantageous to provide a significant insulation of the tank to avoid the dispersion of frigories.
    [0003] The gas transport method applies to all gases but preferably to combustible gases such as methane or hydrogen. The medium is for example air or nitrogen in liquid form. Handling this medium is not dangerous, as a leak has no environmental consequences. Moreover the medium is available everywhere. Once the medium is used, it can be released into the atmosphere without consequence. In addition, the temperature level reached by the relaxation of nitrogen at atmospheric pressure makes it possible to directly reach the liquefaction of methane. The medium can also be carbon dioxide in liquid or solid form or a mixture of the two phases. In particular, the liquefaction stage comprises at least one direct heat exchange step in the heat exchange unit between the gas to be liquefied and the medium. This type of exchange allows for a more compact installation. The exchange can be done for example in a plate heat exchanger with countercurrent fluids. Such an exchanger is very compact. Preferably, the medium is prepared to be liquefied or solidified in a facility remote from the heat exchange unit and charged and transported by a vehicle to the point of gas production. This other installation can be large and produce the medium in large quantities which is then subdivided for multiple installations according to the invention. The large size of this other installation optimizes the cost and efficiency of the production of the medium. It is even possible that said other installation produces cold marginally in a process dedicated to other needs.
    [0004] The medium is prepared with frigories from a process-independent cold source, for example in a liquefied natural gas regasification plant. After transport by LNG carriers, the liquefied natural gas is regasified by reheating in order to be injected into a gaseous natural gas network. Such an installation is an important source of cold that can be easily used to prepare the medium of the process according to the invention without additional energy expenditure. More generally, the medium is prepared by direct thermal exchange of frigories between the cold source and the medium, the cold source may be a regasification facility of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as previously. Alternatively, a "hot" source can be used indirectly to generate frigories, for example by the use of a heat pump. For this purpose, the medium preparation unit is connected to an LNG regasification plant and the frigories used for the production of the medium are produced during the regasification of LNG. According to an improvement, the gas is purified before the liquefaction stage. The gas can then be directly exploited in natural gas applications. The purification can for example be obtained by distillation columns in which heavier components than methane, compounds such as sulphides or hydrochloric acid and water can be separated off. The purification can also be on the principle of adsorption and / or absorption by means of catalysts. According to one improvement, the medium is prepared for example with the frigories produced by the regasification of the liquefied gas when it is used at the point of use. . The invention also relates to a gas liquefaction plant characterized in that it comprises a heat exchange unit in which the incoming gas is cooled to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas to come out in liquid form, at least one reservoir for receiving a medium and a pipe connecting the reservoir to the heat exchange unit for transferring the medium to the heat exchange unit to implement the method as described above.
    [0005] According to a particular provision, the installation comprises at least one vehicle on which is mounted the medium tank and / or further a tank of liquefied gas. The same vehicle can deliver the medium and leave with the liquefied gas, which optimizes transport. The installation may also include another vehicle to allow the transport of the liquefaction plant. These vehicles are suitable for river, road, rail and air transport. According to an improvement, a purification unit is placed upstream of the heat exchange unit to supply purified gas to the heat exchange unit.
    [0006] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear on reading the following description, the description referring to the accompanying drawing of which Figure 1 is a diagram of the method according to the invention.
    [0007] DETAILED DESCRIPTION A gas liquefaction process according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 1. In the example thus presented, there is a liquefaction plant 1, a methane terminal 2 and a gas utilization station 3. liquefied.
    [0008] In the liquefaction plant 1, at least one source of gas 4 is received, such as gas produced by an anaerobic digestion station or a garbage dump. According to this example, the gas is composed essentially of methane. However, this gas may optionally be a mixture of gaseous compounds other than methane, such as complex hydrocarbons (ethane, butane).
    [0009] The liquefaction plant 1 also receives a medium 5 in liquid form, such as for example liquid air or liquid nitrogen. The medium can be replaced by carbon dioxide in liquid, solid or diphasic form (gas and liquid). In the liquefaction plant 1, the gas from the source 4 is liquefied by cooling it to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas in a heat exchange unit 10. The heat exchange unit 10 is, for example a plate heat exchanger receiving on the one hand the gas from the source and on the other hand the medium 5 in liquid form. The medium 5 is delivered for example by vehicle such as a truck 6 having a mobile tank 60 for thermally insulated cryogenic fluid in which it remains stored during use, or from which it is transferred into a fixed tank 11 of the installation of liquefaction 1. The vehicle could also be a railway wagon, a barge or a boat. The exchanger is for example a countercurrent exchanger in which the medium 5 vaporizes at atmospheric pressure. The vaporized medium is released into the atmosphere. The heat exchange can take place on several stages, possibly with a first compression of the gas from the source, making it possible to obtain liquefaction at a lower temperature than at atmospheric pressure. The liquefaction unit also comprises accessory devices such as pumps, regulators and / or compressors, valves to facilitate the cooling of the gas and to assist the circulation of fluids. These accessory devices are in themselves known to those skilled in the art.
    [0010] The liquefaction unit may further comprise a pre-cooling or post-cooling module for adjusting the temperature of the gas before or after its cooling. After liquefaction, the liquefied gas 7 is stored and then transported in a thermally insulated tank. It may be the same movable tank 60 that previously transported the medium 5 or a different tank. The liquefied gas 7 is delivered to the utilization station 3 of the liquefied gas, such as for example a boiler room, a service station for vehicles, a tank or an injection point on a gas network. The medium 5 is prepared in a preparation plant 13, in which frigories are readily available. Several types of preparation facilities are possible. In the example shown in the figure, it is a liquefied natural gas regasification facility of a methane terminal 2, in which the natural gas is delivered in liquefied form (LNG) and is gasified before being injected into a pipeline network for distribution. At this point, the LNG terminal releases large quantities of unused frigories. It is possible and inexpensive to liquefy air or carbon dioxide taken from the atmosphere or an industrial facility producing carbon dioxide using these frigories to prepare the medium 5. Nitrogen can optionally be separated from oxygen to keep only nitrogen as medium 5, according to known methods. Thus, the medium 5 is liquefied in a remote installation of the heat exchange unit 10. It is first stored in an intermediate tank and then transferred to the mobile tank 60 of the vehicle. The preparation plant could also be a liquefaction plant dedicated to the preparation of medium, but supplying several liquefaction plants 1 according to the invention, so that its size can be significant by overcoming the constraints of miniaturization and congestion. Such a preparation plant can be advantageously implanted to take advantage of a source of frigory or excess energy. The excess energy source can be for example a renewable energy source whose punctual production is beyond the instantaneous needs. Advantageously, the preparation plant of the medium 5 is arranged to transfer the frigories available directly to the medium, as opposed to a medium preparation facility comprising a hot source, the latter then being converted into an indirect cold source.
    [0011] At the level of the liquefaction plant 1, it is provided, according to the nature of the gas source 4, a purification unit 12 placed upstream of the heat exchange unit 10 to provide purified gas to the unit This type of purification unit 12 is designed to dry the gas and remove hydrocarbon traces heavier than methane and other compounds such as sulfides or acids. The purification unit 12 may be based, as is known to those skilled in the art, on the principle of adsorption and / or absorption by means of catalysts.
    [0012] In the absence of a cold production unit, the liquefaction plant is sufficiently compact to be mounted on a vehicle, since the cold is already generated elsewhere than in the liquefaction plant 1. 12 is on a second vehicle. The auxiliary operating energy of the liquefaction plant (pumps, controls) can be provided by an electrical network or directly in mechanical or electrical form by the engine of the vehicle itself or by a dedicated heat engine.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of transporting gas from a point of production to a point of use, the method comprising: a step of liquefying the gas in which the gas is cooled to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas in a unit of heat exchange (10), - a step of transporting the liquefied gas towards the point of use, characterized in that the heat exchange unit (10) is close to the point of production and in that one uses for cooling in the heat exchange unit (10) frigories from a medium (5) previously stored in a tank near the heat exchange unit (10).
    [0002]
    2. The method of claim 1, wherein the medium (5) is air or nitrogen in liquid form.
    [0003]
    3. The method of claim 1, wherein the medium (5) is carbon dioxide in liquid or solid form or a mixture of the two phases.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the liquefaction step comprises at least one direct heat exchange step, in the heat exchange unit (10), between the gas to be liquefied and the medium (5).
    [0005]
    5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the medium (5) is prepared in a medium preparation unit (13) remote from the heat exchange unit (10) and then loaded and transported by a vehicle to the point of production of the gas. 3 0 1 8 1 1 1 10
    [0006]
    6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gas is purified before the liquefaction step.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the medium (5) is prepared with frigories from a cold source 5 independent of the process.
    [0008]
    8. The method of claim 7, wherein the medium (5) is prepared by direct heat exchange frigories of the cold source to the medium (5).
    [0009]
    9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the medium preparation unit (5) is connected to a regasification plant of the liquefied natural gas (13) and the frigories used for the production of the medium are produced during the regasification of the liquefied natural gas.
    [0010]
    10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the medium (5) is prepared with the frigories produced by the regasification of the liquefied gas when used at the point of use.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to one of the preceding claims wherein the transported gas is composed mainly of methane. 20
    [0012]
    12. Liquefaction gas installation characterized in that it comprises: - a heat exchange unit (10) in which the incoming gas is cooled to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas to come out in liquid form, at least one reservoir intended to receive a medium (5) and a pipe connecting the reservoir to the heat exchange unit (10) for transferring the medium (5) to the heat exchange unit (10) for implement the method according to one of claims 1 to 8.
    [0013]
    13. Installation according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one vehicle on which are mounted the medium tank and / or further a liquefied gas tank.
    [0014]
    14. Installation according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat exchange unit (10) is mounted on a vehicle.
    [0015]
    15. Installation according to claim 13, comprising a single tank separated by a removable wall to form the medium tank and the liquefied gas tank.
    [0016]
    16. Installation according to one of claims 12 to 15, wherein a purification unit (12) is placed upstream of the heat exchange unit (10) to provide purified gas to the exchange unit. thermal (10).
    [0017]
    17. Installation according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the vehicles are suitable for river transport, road, rail and air.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015136182A3|2015-12-17|
    DK3114418T3|2021-07-05|
    FR3018111B1|2019-06-07|
    EP3114418A2|2017-01-11|
    ES2878173T3|2021-11-18|
    WO2015136182A2|2015-09-17|
    EP3114418B1|2021-05-19|
    CN106461318A|2017-02-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3034309A|1955-01-19|1962-05-15|Otto H Muck|Method for transporting gas|
    US3400545A|1965-05-31|1968-09-10|Shell Oil Co|Use of cold-carriers in liquefaction and regasification of gases|
    DE2014776A1|1970-03-26|1971-09-30|Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden|Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gas|
    US20100319361A1|2007-12-21|2010-12-23|Francois Chantant|Method of producing a gasified hydrocarbon stream; method of liquefying a gaseous hydrocarbon stream; and a cyclic process wherein cooling and re-warming a nitrogen-based stream, and wherein liquefying and regasifying a hydrocarvon stream|FR3067820A1|2017-06-15|2018-12-21|L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|RADIOASTRONOMY INSTALLATION|
    FR3106874A1|2020-02-05|2021-08-06|L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|Liquefied gas delivery process|
    CN106917956B|2017-03-15|2018-11-13|黑龙江科技大学|The continuous hydration curing of coal bed gas and integrated transit-inventory devices and methods therefor|
    US10961109B2|2018-11-16|2021-03-30|China Energy Investment Corporation Limited|Fluid bypass method and system for controlling the temperature of a non-petroleum fuel|
    法律状态:
    2016-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-02-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2022-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1451707A|FR3018111B1|2014-03-03|2014-03-03|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR TRANSPORT AND LIQUEFACTION OF GAS|
    FR1451707|2014-03-03|FR1451707A| FR3018111B1|2014-03-03|2014-03-03|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR TRANSPORT AND LIQUEFACTION OF GAS|
    ES15713210T| ES2878173T3|2014-03-03|2015-02-27|Gas transport and liquefaction procedure and installation|
    PCT/FR2015/050492| WO2015136182A2|2014-03-03|2015-02-27|Method and facility for transporting and liquefying gas|
    CN201580020668.5A| CN106461318A|2014-03-03|2015-02-27|Method and facility for transporting and liquefying gas|
    EP15713210.1A| EP3114418B1|2014-03-03|2015-02-27|Method and facility for transporting and liquefying gas|
    DK15713210.1T| DK3114418T3|2014-03-03|2015-02-27|METHOD AND SYSTEMS FOR TRANSPORT AND DENSIFICATION OF GAS|
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